A02.1 A History of the Church in Latin America

Preface to the English Edition...viii [pp.v-xxiii]
Translator's Preface...xiii
Preface to the First Spanish Edition...xv
Preface to the Second Spanish Edition...xviii
Preface to the Third Spanish Edition...xx
Abbreviations...xxi

PART ONE [pp.1-20]
A HERMENEUTICAL INTRODUCTION

Chapter I. Domination-Liberation: A Different Kind of Theological Discussion...3

• Domination- Liberation...3
• A Genetic-Political Beginning...3
• A Genetic-Erotic Point of Departure...5
• A Genetic-Pedagogical Point of Departure...5
• "Face-to-Face": Totality and Exteriority...6
• The Dominating Praxis: Sin and the "Poor"...7
• The Liberating Praxis: Redemption and the "Prophet"...9
• Toward an Ecclesiology of Redemptive Liberation...10
• The Protocol of Theological Discourse...11
• The Conditioning of Theological Thinking...11
• Faith and Christian Praxis...13
• Revelation and Faith: The Anthropological Epiphany...15
• Theology and History...16
• The Praxis of Liberation and Theology...18
• Toward a Theology of the Liberation of the Oppressed...19

Chapter II. The Latin American Culture...21 [pp.21-31]

• Universal Civilization and Regional Culture...21
• Civilization...21
• The Ethos...22
• The Project...23
• What is Culture?...24
• Latin American Culture?...24
• Latin American Culture and National Culture...26
• Prehistory...26
• Protohistory...27
• History...27
• The Latin American Nation...27
• The Different Levels...29
• Is National History Particular?...31

Chapter III. Relations Between the Church and Culture...32 [pp.32-35]

• The Level of Civilization...32
• The Level on which "Relations" are Established...33
• The “Ethico-mythical Nucleus" of a Culture and Christian Understanding...33
• Christian Charity and the Pagan Ethos...33

PART TWO [pp.37-46]
THE CHRISTENDOM OF THE WEST INDIES (1492-1808)

• The Amerindian Cultures...37
• Hispanic Christendom...37
• The Patronato System as an Institution of Christendom...38

Chapter IV. The Clash Between Two Cultures and the Condition of the Church...41

• The Instruments of One Civilization versus the Instruments of Another...41
• The Indian World View versus the Hispanic World View...41
• The Work of the Missionary...43

Chapter V. Important Stages in the History of the Church During the Colonial Period...47 [pp.47-61]

• The First Stage (1492 - 1519)...47
• The Second Stage: Christian Missions in New Spain and Peru (1519 - 551)...49
• The Third Stage: The Strengthening and the Organization of the Church (1551 - 1620)...55
• The Fourth Stage: Conflict Between the Missionary Church and the Hispanic Civilization (1620-1700)...58
• The Fifth Stage: The Bourbon Decadence (1700-1808)...60

Chapter VI. An Analysis of the Evangelistic Work Continued by the Church in Latin America...62 [pp.62-71]

• The "Mediations" of the Pre-Hispanic Religions and the Clash with the "Mediations" of the Hispanic Catholic Church...62
• The "Comprehensions" of the Pre-Hispanic Religions and of the Catholic Missionary Religion...64
• What Has Constituted a Mixed Religion?...66
• The Typology of the Inhabitants of the Continent with Respect to the Christian Faith as Discerned in the Colonial Era...69

PART THREE [pp.73-86]
THE AGONY OF COLONIAL CHRISTENDOM (1808-1962)

Chapter VII. The Crisis in the Neocolonial States...75

• The Crisis of the Bourgeois Revolution and of the Creole Oligarchy...75
• The Crisis of the Universalization of the National Communities...78
• Institutional Secularization...80
• The Crisis Within "Popular Catholicism"...82

Chapter VIII. The Principal Stages in the History of the Church in Politically Neocolonial Latin America...87 [pp.87-116]

• The Sixth Stage: The Crisis of the Wars for Independence (1808-1825)...87
• The Attitude of the Episcopacy...87
• The Attitude of the aergy...90
• The Attitude of the New Governments...91
• The Seventh Stage and the Deepening Crisis (1825 - 1850)...94
• The Antecedents of the Attitude of the Holy See...94
• The Constructive Attitude of the Holy See since 1825...96
• The Church and the Conservative State...97
• The European Missionary Crisis...100
• The Eighth Stage: The Final Rupture (1850 - 1930)...101
• The Church and the Liberal State...101
• Inorganic Development...104
• The Missionary Renaissance...105
• The Plenary Latin American Council of 1899...106
• The Ninth Stage: The Renaissance of Latin American Elites and the Model of a ..New Christendom" (1930-1962)...106
• The Intellectual Renewal...107
• Catholic Action...108
• The Social Struggle...109
• Sources of Renewal...110
• The Attitude of the Episcopacy...113

Chapter IX. An Evaluation of Latin American Catholicism Until 1962...117 [pp.117-123]

• Catholicism and the Masses...118
• The Church and Faith...121
• Faith and Signs...122

PART FOUR [pp.125-136]
THE CHURCH AND LATIN AMERICAN LIBERATION (1962-1979)

Chapter X. The Latin American Crisis of Liberation...127

• The Crisis of the Popular Revolution...127
• The Crisis of Integration and the Discovery of Latin America...132
• The Movement toward Integration...132
• Toward Cultural Liberation...135

Chapter XI. A Description of Recent Events...137 [pp.137-239]

• The Church and Its Great Challenges...138
• Fundamental Collegial Moments...138
• The Church and the Militarist, Bourgeois, or Reformist State...148
• The Church, the Socialist Movement, and Violence...160
• The Church and Racial Minorities...176
• Support for Agrarian Reform...179
• The Ministries at Present...184
• The Attitude of the Bishops...184
• The Attitude of the Priests...193
• The Attitude of the Monks and Nuns...208
• The Attitude of the Christians...211
• From Sucre to Puebla (1972 - 1979)...222
• The Situation in Sucre (1972)...222
• The Ecclesiastical Situation from Sucre to Puebla (1973-1979)...224
• The Situation in Puebla (1979)...229
• The "Letter of the Law" in the Puebla Text and the "Puebla-event"...237

Chapter XII. The Theological Meaning of Events Since 1962...240 [pp.240-253]

• Different Dialectical Moments and Their Correct Relation...240
• The Dominator-dominated Dialectic...241
• The Prophecy-people Dialectic...241
• The Past-present-future Dialectic...242
• On the Birth of Latin American Theology...244
• The Dialectic of the "Inside-outside" of the Church...247
• A Sociopolitical Diagnosis of the Present Christian Commitment...250
• The Trinitarian Unity of Christian Liberation...252

General Conclusions...254 [pp.254-255]

Footnotes...257 [pp.257-290]

Appendix I Reflections on Methodology for a History of the Church in Latin America...293 [pp.293-305]
Appendix II A Hypothesis for a History of Theology in Latin America...306 [pp.306-342]
Appendix III A Brief Lexicon of Latin American and Technical Terms Used...343 [pp.343-360]

Maps, Diagrams, and Charts...346